Back pain is one of the most common reasons for a GP visit and a physiotherapy consultation. Lower back pain, neck pain, thoracic discomfort - these conditions affect most adults at some stage of their lives.
In the vast majority of cases, it is non-specific (common) low back pain: a benign condition, without serious underlying damage, which typically resolves within a few weeks with appropriate care.
Why do we get back pain?
The most common causes are:
- Poor posture: prolonged sitting, a badly adjusted workstation, incorrect lifting technique.
- Lack of physical activity: the back muscles need regular exercise to stay strong and protect the spine.
- Stress and muscle tension: chronic stress promotes contraction of the paraspinal muscles, particularly in the neck and shoulders.
- Specific conditions: osteoarthritis, herniated disc, scoliosis, or acute low back pain (lumbago).
The right reflex: keep moving
Contrary to popular belief, complete rest is not recommended for back pain. French health authority (HAS) guidelines are clear: maintaining adapted physical activity speeds up recovery and reduces the risk of pain becoming chronic.
A few simple actions can significantly reduce the frequency and intensity of back pain:
- Move regularly: stand up every 45-60 minutes if you work at a desk.
- Adopt a good sleeping position: choose a mattress suited to your build, and avoid sleeping on your stomach.
- Strengthen your core: strong abdominal muscles take considerable pressure off the lumbar vertebrae.
- Stretch: gentle stretches for the hamstrings and psoas help release tension in the lower back.
When to seek help?
See your GP first
In France, managing back pain starts with your GP (médecin traitant). They establish the diagnosis, rule out specific causes, and if necessary prescribe physiotherapy sessions. A medical prescription is required to be reimbursed by French health insurance (Assurance maladie).
See your GP if:
- the pain persists beyond 4 to 6 weeks without notable improvement;
- the pain is disabling and prevents you from resuming your usual activities;
- you experience tingling, muscle weakness, or changes in sensation in a limb.
Seek urgent care if you have
- pain accompanied by fever or unexplained weight loss;
- bladder or bowel problems (a possible sign of cauda equina compression);
- pain that started after a trauma or injury.
The role of physiotherapy
After assessment, your physiotherapist will draw up a personalised programme: manual therapy, strengthening and stretching exercises, postural education and ergonomic advice tailored to your daily life.
The aim is not only to relieve pain, but to give you the tools to prevent recurrence and regain lasting independence.